Sensing circuits for multiwire proportional chambers

Integrated sensing circuits were designed, fabricated, and packaged for use in determining the direction and fluence of ionizing radiation passing through a multiwire proportional chamber. CMOS on sapphire was selected because of its high speed and low power capabilities. The design of the proposed circuits is described and the results of computer simulations are presented. The fabrication processes for the CMOS on sapphire sensing circuits and hybrid substrates are outlined. Several design options are described and the cost implications of each discussed. To be most effective, each chip should handle not more than 32 inputs, and should be mounted on its own hybrid substrate

Magnesium oxide doping reduces acoustic wave attenuation in lithium metatantalate and lithium metaniobate crystals

Single crystals of lithium metatantalate and lithium metaniobate, grown from melts having different stoichiometries and different amounts of magnesium oxide, show that doping lowers temperature-independent portion of attenuation of acoustic waves. Doped crystals possess optical properties well suited for electro-optical and photoelastic applications

An extension of Birkhoff's representation theorem to infinite distributive lattices

Birkhoff's representation theorem for finite distributive lattices states that any finite distributive lattice is isomorphic to the lattice of order ideals (lower sets) of the partial order of the join-irreducible elements of the lattice. This theorem can be extended as follows: A non-finite distributive lattice that is locally finite and has a $\hat{0}$ is isomorphic to the lattice of finite order ideals of the partial order of the join-irreducible elements of the lattice. In addition, certain ``well ordering'' properties are shown to be equivalent to the premises of the extended theorem.Comment: The main result of this paper has been previously published; this version adds a reference to that previous publicatio

Torts - Negligencs - Service Station Operator Who Sells Gasoline to Recognizably Intoxicated Motorist Not Liable for Injuries to Third Persons Caused by Motorist. Fuller v. Standard Stations, Inc. (Cal. App. 1967).

This recent case discusses Fuller v. Standard Stations, Inc. (Cal. App. 1967)

Conflict of Laws - Measure of Damages in Wrongful Death Action Determined by Law of State Having Greatest Interest in Issue of Damages, Not by Law of Place of Injury. Reich v. Purcell (Cal. 1967).

This recent case discusses Reich v. Purcell (Cal. 1967)

Combinatorics of tableaux -- Graphical representation of insertion algorithms

Many algorithms for inserting elements into tableaux are known, starting with the Robinson-Schensted algorithm. Much of those processes can be incorporated into the general framework of Fomin's "growth diagrams". Even for single types of tableaux, there are various alternative insertion algorithms and, due to the varying ways they are described, the relationships between the algorithms can be obscure. The distinguishing features of many algorithms can be codified into graphic "insertion diagrams" which make important aspects of the algorithms immediately apparent. We use insertion diagrams to build a graphic catalog or picture book of many of the tableau insertion algorithms in the literature.Comment: 31 pages, 45 figures. 2nd version includes supporting Python code and corrects minor error

Life Interrupted: An Autoethnographic Exploration of Doctoral Persistence with a Diagnosis of Cancer

The purpose of this autoethnography research study was to describe the lived experience of coping with a diagnosis of cancer at the point of dissertation, while persisting in a doctoral program. This inquiry used an autoethnographic approach to examine the factors that lead to successful completion of a doctoral degree after the devastating diagnosis of cancer. The findings indicated a strong relationship to spiritual faith as a basis for resilience and persistence

Investigation of single crystal microwave acoustical delay line materials Final report

Single crystals for microwave acoustical equipment improved by MgO dopin

Successful practical work in challenging circumstances: Lessons to be learned from Uganda

This article is written in support of the argument that to encourage practical work in chemistry in schools where previously little had taken place, teachers should be taught basic workshop skills that they can use to safely improvise equipment suitable for use in their own school environment. These skills include cutting and bending glass tubing, inserting tubing through bungs and soldering electrical components. With these skills, teachers can make equipment to prepare gases, make spirit burners, and complete electrical connections. By empowering the teachers with these skills, they can train enthusiastic students to assist as technicians and with the teachers, visit other schools to pass on these skills. This process will compliment any government initiatives in this field of professional development. Prior to our visit to Uganda we anticipated that there could be issues with equipment and laboratory services but were surprised by the poor quality of the chemicals we found in the schools. This would make teaching practical chemistry a challenge even with the right equipment.[AJCE, 3(1), January 2013

Cortical pain responses in human infants

Despite the recent increase in our understanding of the development of pain processing, it is still not known whether premature infants are capable of processing pain at a cortical level. In this study, changes in cerebral oxygenation over the somatosensory cortex were measured in response to noxious stimulation using real-time near-infrared spectroscopy in 18 infants aged between 25 and 45 weeks postmenstrual age. The noxious stimuli were heel lances performed for routine blood sampling; no blood tests were performed solely for the purpose of the study. Noxious stimulation produced a clear cortical response, measured as an increase in total hemoglobin concentration [HbT] in the contralateral somatosensory cortex, from 25 weeks (mean Delta[HbT] = 7.74 mu mol/L; SE, 1.10). Cortical responses were significantly greater in awake compared with sleeping infants, with a mean difference of 6.63 mu mol/L [95% confidence interval (CI) limits: 2.35, 10.91 mu mol/L; mean age, 35.2 weeks]. In awake infants, the response in the contralateral somatosensory cortex increased with age ( regression coefficient, 0.698 mu mol/L/week; 95% CI limits: 0.132, 1.265 mu mol/L/week) and the latency decreased with age (regression coefficient, -0.9861 mu mol/L/week; 95% CI limits: -1.5361, -0.4361 mu mol/L/week; age range, 25-38 weeks). The response was modality specific because no response was detected after non-noxious stimulation of the heel, even when accompanied by reflex withdrawal of the foot. We conclude that noxious information is transmitted to the preterm infant cortex from 25 weeks, highlighting the potential for both higher-level pain processing and pain-induced plasticity in the human brain from a very early age